A schedule for the upcoming programs, or the day's programs.A prayer or other religious acknowledgement, particularly in countries with a state religion, in theocracies, and on religious broadcasters.Contact information, such as street and mailing addresses, telephone number, email, and website details.Ownership information about the station, and a list of related organizations.In the case of television stations broadcasting to audiences in more than one country, the flags and national symbols of each country in turn may be shown, with its respective national anthem being played. The accompanying television video may include images of the national flag, the head of state, national heroes, national military soldiers, national symbols, and other nationalistic imagery (especially on state-owned broadcasters), or simply the station ident. A television station may show a video and photo montage set to the national anthem or other patriotic piece of music.This can include station identification ( call sign and city of license), transmitter power, frequency or channel number, translators used, transmitter locations, list of broadcast engineers, and/or studio/transmitter links (STL). On radio stations, especially international stations on shortwave, an interval signal may be played in a loop, usually for 3 to 5 minutes before the actual broadcast starts.A signal to turn on remote transmitters may be played-this is usually a series of touch tones. Digital channels may still run overnight programs or interstitials at this time ( ITV Nightscreen in the United Kingdom being an example), which conclude when the station's main programming schedule begins. For television or radio stations that cut off their signal during off-broadcast hours, a test pattern or a static image accompanied by a 400 Hz tone, a 1 kHz tone (or other single-sine-wave tones) or music may be broadcast fifteen to twenty minutes before the actual sign-on.The sign-on sequence may include some or all of the following stages, but not necessarily in this order: Some broadcasters that have ceased signing on and signing off in favour of 24-hour broadcasting may perform a sign-on sequence at a certain time in the morning (usually between 4:00 and 7:00 a.m.) as a formality to signify the start of its operating day (in the United States, the broadcast logging day begins at 6:00 a.m. It is common for sign-ons to be followed by a network's early morning newscast, or their morning or breakfast show. Sign-ons, like sign-offs, vary from country to country, from station to station, and from time to time however, most follow a similar general pattern. Stations may also sometimes close for transmitter maintenance, or to allow another station to broadcast on the same channel space. However, some national broadcasters continue the practice particularly those in countries with limited broadcast coverage. Sign-on and sign-off sequences have become less common due to the increasing prevalence of 24/7 broadcasting. Like other television programming, sign-on and sign-off sequences can be initiated by a broadcast automation system, and automatic transmission systems can turn the carrier signal and transmitter on/off by remote control. It is the opposite of a sign-off (or closedown in Commonwealth countries except Canada), which is the sequence of operations involved when a radio or television station shuts down its transmitters and goes off the air for a predetermined period generally, this occurs during the overnight hours although a broadcaster's digital specialty or sub-channels may sign-on and sign-off at significantly different times as its main channels.
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